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Технологии

AIR SEPARATION UNIT

An air separation unit (ASU) is a process unit designed to separate atmospheric air into its main components – mainly nitrogen, oxygen and argon – featuring a high degree of purity. ASUs play an important role in industries such as steel production, chemical processing, medical applications and energy.

Operational concept

• Distillation units:

Liquid air is fed into distillation units operating based on a small difference in boiling temperatures of oxygen (-183°C), nitrogen (-196°C) and argon. A series of fractionating columns enables the gradual separation of those components into high-purity flows.

• Cryogenic distillation:

The air is first compressed, purified of impurities (such as water vapor, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons) and then cooled down to very low temperatures (-185°C or lower). In such cryogenic state, different gases turn into liquid at different temperatures.

Main components

• Air compressor and pre-purification unit:

Compresses air and removes impurities.

• Heat exchangers and Cold Box:

Use energy-efficient heat exchange to pre-cool air before it is converted into liquid.

• Distillation units:

Separate liquid air into different fractions.

• Product storage and distribution site:

Collects and stores separated gases for use or further processing.

Products

Vary from 100 to 100,000+ Nm³/h depending on the size of the plant (from small modular units to large industrial plants).

Product purity

Application

• Oxygen:

For metal cutting and welding operations and enhancing combustion in industrial furnaces.

• Nitrogen:

For inert atmospheres, food packaging and chemical processes.

• Argon and other rare gases:

For specialist welding, semiconductor manufacturing and lighting applications.

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