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Технологии

STEAM METHANE REFORMING

Steam methane reforming is the most widely used industrial method for producing hydrogen, especially from natural gas (primarily methane). The process converts methane and steam into hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

Operational concept

• Water gas conversion:

The resulting carbon monoxide then reacts with steam in the presence of a catalyst (normally iron or copper based one) to produce additional hydrogen and carbon dioxide.

• Steam methane reforming reaction:

The endothermic reaction between methane and steam is catalyzed using nickel at high temperatures (700 to 1000°C) and moderately high pressures.

Main components

• Reformer reactor:

Contains catalyst for endothermic reaction; often designed as a tubular heat exchanger to handle high temperatures.

• Steam generation system:

Supplies high purity steam required for the reaction.

• Gas purification and separation:

Remove impurities (CO₂, residual CO and unreacted methane) before hydrogen purification (which may involve PSA units).

• Shift converter units:

Facilitate the water-gas shift reaction to maximize hydrogen output.

• Heat recovery systems:

Capture waste heat to improve the overall efficiency of the plant.

Products

Hydrogen: up to 100,000 Nm³/h

Product purity

Raw syngas: ~74%
Post-PSA hydrogen: 99.9%+

Use

• Hydrogen production:

For ammonia synthesis, methanol production and oil refining.

• Syngas generation:

As an intermediate compound in various chemical manufacturing processes.

• Energy output:

Hydrogen can be used in fuel cells or as a green energy carrier.

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